Interesting sites out of the train window headed north, Som has some shots off the track-side lavatory -- here the rice fields with power for water pumps. looks like they do several crops a year
These guys looked pretty unfortunate
We decided that these people were balloon salesman
4 hours as promised we're in Kalka
The famous Kalka to Shimla train, that climbs into the Himalayan mountains and crosses 864 bridges on its route
Kalka's 143 year old station
From Wiki re the Kalka to Shimla railway
History
Shimla (then spelt Simla) was settled by the British shortly after the
first Anglo-Gurkha war, and is located at 7,116 feet (2,169 m) in the foothills of the
Himalayas. By the 1830s, Shimla had already developed as a major base for the British.[SUP][
citation needed][/SUP] It became the summer capital of British India in 1864, and was also the headquarters of the British army in India. Prior to construction of the railway, communication with the outside world was via village cart.[SUP]
[1][/SUP]
The railway was constructed on a two foot gauge (610mm) by the Delhi-Ambala-Kalka Railway Company commencing in 1898.[SUP]
[1][/SUP] The estimated cost of Rs 86,78,500, however, the cost doubled during execution of the project.[SUP][
citation needed][/SUP] The 96.54 km (59.99 mi) line was opened for traffic November 9, 1903.[SUP]
[1][/SUP] Because of the high capital and maintenance cost, coupled with peculiar working conditions, the Kalka-Shimla Railway was allowed to charge fares that were higher than the prevailing tariffs on other lines. However, even this was not good enough to sustain the company and then, the Government had to purchase it on January 1, 1906 for Rs 1,71,07,748. In 1905 the line was regauged to 2'6" gauge under guidelines from the Indian War Department seeking to ensure uniformity in all imperial narrow gauge systems.
Ordinary local train halts at the
Solan Station
In mid-August 2007, the government of
Himachal Pradesh declared the railway a heritage property in preparation for its review in September.[SUP]
[2][/SUP]
On this route a city named Solan is passed through, which is also known as mini Shimla. During summer season a festival celebrating a goddess (Shoolini Devi), after which the city is named, is held in June.
For about a week starting on September 11, 2007, an expert team from
UNESCO was on a visit to the railway to review and inspect the railway for possible selection as a
World Heritage Site. On July 8, 2008, the Kalka-Shimla Railway was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List as part of the World Heritage Site
Mountain Railways of India.[SUP]
[3][/SUP] The Mountain Railways of India (including
Darjeeling Himalayan Railway and
Nilgiri Mountain Railway) and
Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus in Mumbai have already been declared as world heritage properties.[SUP]
[4][/SUP]
Route
[hide]Kalka-Shimla Railway |
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Kalka Railway Station
The Kalka-Shimla Railway was built to connect Shimla, the summer capital of India during the
British Raj, with the Indian rail system. Now,
Shimla is the capital city of Himachal Pradesh and Kalka is a town in the
Panchkula district of Haryana. Spectacular scenery along the whole route, and the marvels of its construction, keeps the traveler on this line spell bound. On leaving Kalka, 656 meters (2,152 ft) above sea level, the railway enters the foothills and immediately commences its climb.
Stations
The route offers a panoramic feast of the picturesque Himalayas from the
Sivalik foot hills at Kalka to several important points such as Dharampur, Solan, Kandaghat, Taradevi, Barog, Salogra, Totu (Jutogh), Summerhill and Shimla at an altitude of 2,076 meters (6,811 ft). Interestingly, all the 20 intermediate stations are located right next to bridges, built for the labour constructing the bridges to take rest there. Some of these have now been abandoned being unviable.[SUP]
[5][/SUP]
A typical passenger train on one of the line's large bridges
Tunnels
Originally 107 tunnels were built on Kalka Shimla Railway Track. In 1930 they were renumbered and four of them were discarded so only 103 were left. In 2006 tunnel number 46 was dismantled so presently only 102 are in use. But tunnel number 103, the last tunnel in Shimla, is still famous as tunnel number 103 as this place has become a famous landmark of the town.
The longest tunnel is at
Barog, and is associated with local tales and legends. As per a famous story of Colonel Barog, the engineer of this tunnel, had committed suicide here. He started digging the tunnel from both ends and could not align them. So he was fined 1 rupee. He could not stomach up that stigma so shot himself in the incomplete tunnel, which still exists.[SUP]
[6][/SUP] Chief Engineer H.S. Herlington completed it after the way for constructing this was earmarked by Bhalku, a local
sadhu (monk), during 1900- 1903[SUP]
[5][/SUP][SUP]
[7][/SUP]
Infrastructure
The line has 864 bridges, one of which is a 18.29 metre (60 ft) plate girder span and
steel truss. The others are
viaducts with multi-arched galleries like the ancient
Roman aqueducts. Bridge No. 493, historically known as the "Arch Gallery", situated between Kandaghat and Kanoh stations, is an arch bridge in three stages, constructed with stone masonry. Bridge No. 226; between Sonwara and Dharampur is an arch gallery bridge having 5 tier galleries of multiple spans, constructed with stone masonry and bridging a deep valley surrounded by high peaks.
The railway has a
ruling gradient of 1 in 33 or 3%. It has 919 curves, the
sharpest being 48 degrees (a radius of 37.47 m or 122.93 feet). Climbing from 656 meters (2,152 ft), the line terminates at an elevation of 2,076 meters (6,811 ft) at Shimla. The line originally used 42 lb/yd (21 kg/m)
rail but this was later relaid to 60 lb/yd (30 kg/m) rail.[SUP]
[1][/SUP]